

Contrary to the situation in the other Napoleonic kingdoms, no Frenchmen entered the government posts in Holland, yet they dominated in senior court office. In addition, it emphasizes the marked impact of local conditions. The juxtaposition not only highlights Napoleon’s constant interference in nominations, but also reveals some inconsistencies in the Emperor’s attitude. This article reconstructs the early household composed by Louis and compares it to the households in the other satellite states.


Louis’ choice was far from unique: his crowned relatives elsewhere, by necessity, opted for the same solution. Confronted with the problem of finding competent and trustworthy senior court dignitaries in this alien environment, he initially resorted to appointing French friends and. In 1806, at Napoleon’s behest, Louis Bonaparte suddenly became the foreign king of a former republic. French influence on the formation of the princely court of Louis Bonaparte, king of Holland.
